The global adoption of Bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset continues to accelerate, with corporations, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), governments, and decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols collectively holding a significant portion of the 21 million Bitcoin supply. As of July 1, 2025, publicly tracked entities own 3,400,571 BTC, representing 16.193% of the total possible supply, with a market value exceeding $360.7 billion.
This comprehensive overview breaks down Bitcoin holdings by category—ETFs, countries, public and private companies, mining firms, and DeFi platforms—offering transparency into institutional accumulation trends and macro-level adoption patterns.
Totals by Category
Bitcoin ownership is now distributed across multiple institutional channels, each playing a unique role in the digital asset ecosystem:
- ETFs: 1,426,866 BTC ($151.4 billion | 6.795% of supply)
- Countries & Governments: 529,705 BTC ($56.2 billion | 2.522%)
- Publicly Traded Companies: 856,029 BTC ($90.8 billion | 4.076%)
- Private Companies: 421,641 BTC ($44.7 billion | 2.008%)
- Bitcoin Mining Companies: 104,330 BTC ($11.1 billion | 0.497%)
- DeFi Protocols: 166,330 BTC ($17.6 billion | 0.792%)
👉 Discover how leading financial institutions are integrating Bitcoin into their portfolios today.
Public Companies That Own Bitcoin
Publicly listed firms have increasingly embraced Bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset, driven by inflation hedging, balance sheet diversification, and long-term value preservation strategies.
Top Public Holders
| Company | BTC Held | Value | % of Supply |
|---|---|---|---|
| MicroStrategy | 597,325 | $63.4B | 2.844% |
| Marathon Digital Holdings | 49,179 | $5.2B | 0.234% |
| Twenty One Capital (XXI) | 37,230 | $3.9B | 0.177% |
| Riot Platforms | 19,225 | $2.0B | 0.092% |
| Metaplanet Inc. | 13,350 | $1.4B | 0.064% |
MicroStrategy remains the dominant player, accounting for nearly 3% of total Bitcoin supply with its aggressive acquisition strategy led by CEO Michael Saylor.
Other notable adopters include Tesla, holding 11,509 BTC, and fintech innovators like Block, Inc. (Square) and Coinbase, which maintain smaller but strategic reserves.
👉 Learn how public companies assess risk and reward when adding Bitcoin to their balance sheets.
Why Are Corporations Buying Bitcoin?
- Inflation Hedge: Protection against fiat currency devaluation.
- Higher ROI Potential: Outperformance compared to traditional assets.
- Shareholder Value: Aligns with long-term capital appreciation goals.
- Technological Vision: Signals commitment to decentralized finance innovation.
Countries & Governments Holding Bitcoin
National entities are also accumulating Bitcoin—either through seized assets or strategic purchases—making them a growing segment of institutional ownership.
| Country | BTC Held | Value |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 207,189 BTC | $22.0B |
| China | 194,000 BTC | $20.6B |
| United Kingdom | 61,000 BTC | $6.5B |
| Ukraine | 46,351 BTC | $4.9B |
| Bhutan | 13,029 BTC | $1.4B |
The U.S. holds the largest government-owned stash, largely from law enforcement seizures related to illicit activities. China follows closely, with holdings believed to stem from past exchange closures and regulatory actions.
El Salvador stands out as the first sovereign nation to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender, currently holding 6,089 BTC.
FAQ: Government Bitcoin Holdings
Q: Does Germany still hold Bitcoin?
A: As of this report, Germany’s Bitcoin balance is listed at 0 BTC, after selling or transferring its holdings following court-ordered auctions.
Q: Why do governments hold Bitcoin?
A: Primarily through asset forfeiture in criminal investigations. Some nations explore it for monetary policy diversification.
Q: Is Bitcoin legal tender anywhere besides El Salvador?
A: As of 2025, only El Salvador and the Central African Republic have adopted Bitcoin as legal tender—though the latter's implementation remains limited.
Private Companies with Bitcoin Reserves
Private firms—often early blockchain adopters or crypto-native businesses—are major holders of Bitcoin.
Leading Private Holders
- Block.one: 140,000 BTC
- Tether Holdings LTD: 100,521 BTC
- Xapo Bank: 38,931 BTC
- BitMEX: 36,794 BTC
These companies built infrastructure around digital assets and often retain substantial BTC from operations or fundraising events.
Notably, Stone Ridge Holdings Group and MassMutual have made strategic investments despite not being crypto-native firms—a sign of broader financial institution interest.
ETFs Owning Bitcoin
Bitcoin ETFs have become one of the fastest-growing categories since regulatory approvals expanded in major markets.
Largest Bitcoin ETF Holders (July 2025)
| ETF | Sponsor | BTC Held |
|---|---|---|
| iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) | BlackRock | 696,875 BTC |
| Fidelity Wise Origin (FBTC) | Fidelity Investments | 201,347 BTC |
| Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) | Grayscale | 185,099 BTC |
| ARK 21Shares ETF (ARKB) | ARK Invest / 21Shares | 46,723 BTC |
BlackRock’s IBIT leads the market with holdings surpassing 696,000 BTC, underscoring institutional demand via regulated investment vehicles.
These ETFs allow retail and institutional investors to gain exposure without custody responsibilities.
Bitcoin Mining Companies’ Holdings
Mining firms not only produce Bitcoin but often hold portions of their output as long-term investments.
Top mining companies by holdings:
- Marathon Digital: 49,179 BTC
- Riot Platforms: 19,225 BTC
- CleanSpark: 12,502 BTC
These firms typically hold self-mined coins rather than selling all output immediately—a bullish signal indicating confidence in future price appreciation.
DeFi Protocols with Bitcoin Exposure
Decentralized finance platforms use tokenized versions of Bitcoin to bring liquidity and yield opportunities to Ethereum and other smart contract networks.
Major DeFi BTC Wrappers
- Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC): 129,168 BTC
- Coinbase Wrapped BTC (cbBTC): 24,712 BTC
- Liquid Network: 3,755 BTC
WBTC remains the dominant bridged Bitcoin variant on Ethereum, backed 1:1 by custodied reserves and widely used in lending and trading protocols.
Core Keywords
Bitcoin treasury holdings, institutional Bitcoin ownership, public companies holding BTC, Bitcoin ETFs 2025, government Bitcoin reserves, corporate crypto strategy, DeFi wrapped Bitcoin
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How much of the total Bitcoin supply is held by institutions?
A: As of July 2025, tracked institutions hold approximately 16.193% of the total 21 million supply—over 3.4 million BTC.
Q: Which company owns the most Bitcoin?
A: MicroStrategy holds the largest corporate stash at 597,325 BTC, far exceeding any other single entity.
Q: Are more companies expected to buy Bitcoin in the future?
A: Yes—growing regulatory clarity and financial performance data suggest increasing adoption among S&P 500 and global firms.
Q: What is the purpose of wrapped Bitcoin in DeFi?
A: It enables Bitcoin to be used in decentralized applications on blockchains like Ethereum, unlocking lending, staking, and trading opportunities.
Q: Can individuals invest in Bitcoin through ETFs?
A: Yes—Bitcoin ETFs like IBIT and FBTC are available on major stock exchanges and accessible through standard brokerage accounts.
Stay informed about real-time changes in institutional Bitcoin holdings through updated filings and market analysis. The shift toward digital asset reserves is no longer speculative—it's a measurable trend shaping global finance.
👉 Explore secure platforms where you can begin your own Bitcoin investment journey.